Wrench



May 14, 1929. A. K. ERSLAND WRENCH Filed May 25, 192"! INVENTOR K.Era/077d;

1 1 TTORNE Y Patented May 14, 1929.

ll TE STATES lam na Application filed May 25,

llly invention relates to wrenches, and its primu ry purpose theprovision of a wrench luwingr the dual i 'u'ruiierties oi a pipe wrenchand a nut wrench and quiz-k adjusting means tor the jaws thereof ineitheruse.

it is also the purpose oi? my invention to provide a wrench in which thehandli and jaws thereirii act as a compound lever to cause the jaws topositively grip any object plat-ed tlwrebetveen and in proportion to thepressure brought upon the handle, my invention being simple inconstruction. with the mininnun oi working parts compact in tl orm,strong and durable and quick to adjust.

ll will describe only one form of wrench embodying my invention, andwill then point out the novel features thereof: in claims.

ln the accompanying drawings,

l igr. 1 is a View showingin side elevation one term of 'Wl'llltllembodying my invenlion.

Fig.1. 2 is an enlarged View showing the wrench in front edge elevation.

is a View showing the wrench in tudinal section with the jaws thereof inpipe or nut gripping position.

l in. 1- is a fragmentary sectional View similar to Fig. 3, and showingthe inner jaw in released position to permit adjustment oi the outerjaw.

hi 5 is a, iriurinentary sectional View similar to Fig. 3, showinp thejaws in none'ripping position with respect to a pipe. .15 Referringspecifically to the drawings, my

invention in, its present cmbodimei'it com- )rises hai'idle, the mainbody of which prelim-ably constructed from a single sheet oi. suitablemetal or other material shaped and bent to provide an elongated handleportion 15 ct ti form in cross section, and a. pair of cars 16 spaced inparallelism and comua-ted at their forward edges by an elongated block17 of metal secured in -5 proper position by rivets 18. .The handle portion 15 is interiorly provided with a. filler 151 formed of wood or othersuitable material with i is inner end in abutting relation. to ametallic block 20, which ilunctions as a spacer, and is seemed in placeby rivets 21. lit is important to note that the handle is open at the:lront ends thereof between the blocks 17 and 20, and at the top betweenthe block 17 and the upper edge of the intermediate part of the handleportion, such parts being extended beyond the handle porism/serils).194,099.

tion to serve in connecting the cars 16, but such part terminating shortof the upper edges of the ears.

The wrei'ich includes inner and outer jaws designated generally at d and.l respectively, the inner jaw conn risiiur a jaw head. Eli having atoothed working; surface, and iFOIiTMKl on the upper end oil a. taperedshank 23 pivoted on a pin 2 1 secured in the ears 16 so that the shankis capable Oil: pivotal movements between the ears and in the planethereof. The lower or inner end oi the shank 23 is jlj'i'irn'ied with atoothed projection 25 which constitutes a, pawl adapted for engagementwith a rack so formed on the terward end of an elongated shank 9 7 ofthe jaw J. The jaw .1 includes a jaw head as, the working surface. ofwhich toothed. The shank 27 is slidable, longitudinally between the cars16, and. it is also capable ot being swoop; in. the plane of the handlethrough the u'ovision oil the openings in the handle as previouslydescribed. in this swinging nuwcmcnt oil? the shank it rides on arounded head 29 on the upper end of the internualiate part of thehandle.

The jaw J is yieldably urged in a counte clockwise direction about thepivot 24; to position the shanks oi both jaws so that the heads 29. and28 will norn'ially occupy parallel positions. This is ellected llll'flllil jll the inediui'n of a spring 30 riieted at its upper end. to theblock 17, while its lower end is time and engages the lower end of theshank 23. By urging the shank in this manner the pawl is biased intoengagement with the rack 26 so as to normally look the shank E27, andconsia uently the jaw head. 38 in a lixcd position of adjustment. Torelease the shank 27, so that the jaw J can be adjusted in iii-unmet toits parallel position to the jaw J, the jaw J is moved manually to theposition shown in Fig. 41 in which the pawl 25 is moved free 01 the rack26. As soon as the jaw J is released, however, the spring 30iiui'ictions to return the pawl to locking position with respect to therack 26, thercby securing the jaw J in its new position.

In the operation of the wrench when applied to nuts or other angularlyshaped objects, the quick adjustment of the jaw J can be ell ected inthe manninpreviously described to fit the wrench. to the nut andfollowing such adjustment the jaws will be maintained. in parallelspaced relation during the rotation of the nutin a clockwise directionthrough operation of the handle. When pressure is exerted on the handleit is transmitted to the shank 27, and subsequently to the jaw J throughthe intermediate part or back of the handle portion, the jaw J alsoremaining stationary.

- In the application of the wrench to pipes and other circular objects,the jaws tend to assume parallel positions when turning the pipe throughactuation of the handle, but on reversing the movement of the wrench arelative movement occurs between the handle and the jar J, so that thelatter assumes the position shown in Fig. 5, in which the jaw head 28 isin divergent relation to the jaw head 22, thus releasing the pipe topermit repositioning of the wrench for further g to effect turning ofthe latter.

turning of the pipe. As clockwise pressure is exerted on the handle thejaw J tends to return to parallel position with respect to the jaw J,thereby again gripping the pipe From this operation it will be seen thatthe wrench functions in the true manner of a pipe wrench, yet is capableof being quickly adjusted, and also used as a nut wrench.

Although I have herein shown and described only one form of wrenchembodying my invention, it is to be understood that various changes andmodifications may be made herein without departing from the spirit ofthe invention and the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A wrench comprising a handle, an inher jaw having a shank pivoted inthe handle to swing in the plane of the handle,

an outer jaw having a shank movable longitudinally in the handle,coacting teeth on the jaw shanks for securing the outer jaw in anyposition of adjustment longitudinally v on the handle, and a spring forurging the shank of the inner jaw toward the shank of the outer jaw toreleasably maintain the teeth in engagement with each other, the shankof the outer jaw adapted to fulcrum on a part of the handle at one sideof the inner jaw shank pivot so placed that the, ratio between the jawarm and the locking arm of the inner jaw is greater than the ratiobetween the arms formed between the two points of contact of the innerjaw with the outer jaw and the fulcrum point of the outer jaw shank soas to permit the outer jaw shank to be rocked by the inner jaw and yetthe inner jaw shank to be moved to a position in which its teeth are outof engagement with the teeth of the outer jaw shank and thus allowlongitudinal adjustment of the outer jaw.

2. A wrench comprising a handle, an inner jaw having a shank pivoted inthe handle to swing in the plane of the handle, an outer jaw having ashank movable longitudinally in the handle, coaeting teeth on the jawshanks for securing the outer jaw in any position of adjustmentlongitudinally on the handle, a spring for urging the shank of the innerjaw toward the shank of the outer jaw to releasably maintain the teethin engagement with each other, there being a shoulder on the handlepositioned to provide a fulcrum point about which the outer jaw shank isadapted to pivot so placed that the ratio between the jaw arm and thelocking arm of the inner jaw is greater than the ratio between the armsformed between the two points of contact of the inner jaw with the outerjaw and the fulcrum point of the outer jaw shank to allow the outer jawin contact with the inner jaw end to occupy a divergent position withrespect to the inner jaw and to permit the inner jaw shank to he movedto a. position in which its teeth are out of engagement with the teethof the outer jaw shank, whereby longitudinal adjustment of the outer jawis permitted.

AMOS K. ERSLA'ND.

